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Cover Hopper, Grace Brewster Murray (1906-1992)
Grace Hopper Courtesy of the Library of Congress (LC-USZ62-111439).

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Hopper, Grace Brewster Murray (1906-1992), naval officer and pioneer developer of computer languages  

Christopher H. Sterling

Hopper, Grace Brewster Murray (09 December 1906–01 January 1992), naval officer and pioneer developer of computer languages, was born in New York City, the daughter of Walter Fletcher Murray and Mary Campbell Van Horne. Her grandfathers were important in shaping her future—one was a navy admiral, and the other an engineer with New York City. After attending Hardridge School in Plainfield, New Jersey, she graduated in 1928 with election to Phi Beta Kappa from Vassar College, with a degree in mathematics and physics. She completed a mathematics M.A. in 1930 at Yale and earned a Ph.D. in mathematics and mathematical physics, also from Yale, in 1934....